In a historic army operation that flouted worldwide regulation, america invaded the South American nation of Venezuela early Saturday morning, seizing the nation’s chief, Nicolás Maduro, and his spouse, Cilia Flores, who will face federal costs in New York. US President Donald Trump has overtly stated that his administration will “run” the nation till a popular administration takes management, and stated that the US will revive the crumbling petrochemical infrastructure in a nation that sits on among the world’s largest oil reserves, even noting that he knowledgeable oil trade executives earlier than the army strike, whereas not letting Congress know till the deed was accomplished.
Thousands and thousands have gathered all through the world to protest the return of gunboat diplomacy and bare regime change, whilst many Venezuelans globally have celebrated Maduro’s ouster. Vice President Delcy Rodriguez has been sworn in as interim President; questions stay as as to whether her rule will differ considerably from that of Maduro, however Trump has overtly threatened her with a worse destiny than Maduro has met.
Venezuela has been dominated by murderous dictators for many years, and its cultural sector has suffered accordingly. Hugo Chávez took energy in 1999 and crashed the nation’s economic system. There have been lethal riots, coup makes an attempt, shortages of meals, extreme poverty, and inflation that at one level reached 1.4 million %. Thousands and thousands have fled, with artists, sellers, and cultural leaders organising store in friendlier locations, like New York, Paris, Mexico Metropolis, and Buenos Aires.
A cultural capital for a lot of the twentieth century, Caracas has a number of notable museums, and the nation traditionally robustly funded the humanities. That has not been the case since Chávez took management. Up to date artists are seen as enemies by the state as a result of they’re considered beneath the affect of capitalism.
Artists, artwork sellers, and humanities directors in Caracas and in cities from Miami to Madrid are intently watching the scenario.
“Caracas was the capital of the cultural scene in Latin America. Not anymore,” stated an arts administrator from Caracas, who couldn’t communicate publicly for worry of retaliation from the federal government, in a cellphone interview. “The nation’s museums are in a horrible state. Recently, the cultural scene has had some motion however solely from the non-public sector.” She named galleries that take part in worldwide gala’s, like GBG Arts (based by Gabriela Benaim Ginnari and Mario Matos) and Beatríz Gil, each in Caracas, and galleries overseas based by Venezuelans, similar to Ascaso Gallery and Durban Segnini Gallery, each in Miami.
“Artists may promote one piece or two items, and that is their solely revenue,” the humanities administrator stated. “The museums are usually not doing vital exhibitions. I do know there have been exhibitions on the museum of up to date artwork of artists, huge names like Picasso. However individuals doubt the authenticity of the work.
“We don’t like the best way it was accomplished, in fact,” the administrator continued. “In case you take a look at it objectively, that is utterly loopy. However we’d like a change. On Saturday, some individuals referred to as me saying we needed to rejoice however I didn’t really feel like celebrating. I would like the nation to develop and for individuals to have alternatives. Perhaps issues will get higher however come on, one other president says, ‘I’m going to run the nation?’ What is that this? However we’d like one thing radical. It’s going to be a transition. Let’s see the way it’s managed.
“Nobody is within the streets protesting. It’s solely the individuals who need to go to work. There are authorities forces with lengthy weapons within the streets. They’re stopping individuals and checking their telephones.” Individuals don’t know whether or not to hold their telephones and danger having incriminating materials discovered on them, she stated, or go away their telephones at house, which may arouse suspicion. “Maduro has gone,” writes the New York Occasions, “however repression in Venezuela has intensified.”
Artist José Antonio Hernández-Díez was born in Caracas and lives in Barcelona. After coming to prominence within the Nineteen Eighties, he confirmed within the Venice Biennale (1993) and the Gwangju Biennale (1995), and had solo reveals on the New Museum in New York (2003) and at MACBA in Barcelona (2016).
“It was virtually seven within the morning when my son woke me up and gave me the information: ‘Dad, what I instructed you’d occur is going on,’” Hernández-Díez stated in an e-mail. “I believed he was referring to one thing round the home, however then he abruptly instructed me about Maduro—that they’d taken him away. For years, we thought that along with his downfall, all the things would finish. Nothing might be farther from the reality.
“Hours later, I heard an analyst describe it as a ‘headless snake,’ and Don Chaffey’s movie Jason and the Argonauts got here to thoughts. I watched it many instances, and I used to be struck by the picture of the hydra, with snakes biting each other and others with out heads.
“That’s precisely what appears to be taking place in Venezuela: a Medusa with snakes that maintain shifting, biting one another, some with out heads, however all equally harmful. And so, we proceed to attend and see what occurs, whereas the scenario turns into more and more bushy.”
Luis Molina-Pantin, Finest-sellers -Nacional- (Hugo Chavez), 2001-2004.
courtesy of the artist
Artist Luis Molina-Pantin lives in Mexico Metropolis and infrequently travels to Venezuela; his work resides in a number of worldwide establishments, from the Galeria de Arte Nacional within the Venezuelan capital to the Museum of Trendy Artwork in New York. He might be included within the group present “Telenovela” on the Americas Society in New York this fall.
“It’s a really delicate scenario,” he stated in a cellphone interview.
“International locations like Cuba, Mexico, and Brazil have produced superb artists in high quality and amount. Then theres Argentina, or possibly Colombia is in style. Brazil is a phenomenon. São Paulo galleries are rather well revered. In Caracas, there’s no artwork world. It’s been demolished.
“Chávez by no means acknowledged up to date artwork. He stated it was elitist. When Chávez got here, the museums took out all of the up to date artwork and transformed all the things to folkloric artwork, for instance. When the museums went down the non-public sector began creating areas. That’s what truly is functioning. Probably the most well-known one is the Centro de Arte Los Galpones. The opposite is the Hacienda La Trinidad Parque Cultural.”
Supporters of the Communist Get together of India and the Scholar Federation of India staged a protest rally exterior the American embassy in Kolkata, India, on January 5, 2026, in opposition to the USA’s assault on Venezuela and the seize of Venezuela’s President Nicolas Maduro and his spouse.
Debarchan Chatterjee/NurPhoto through Getty Pictures
Seller Federico Luger lived in Venezuela in his adolescence and cofounded his eponymous gallery in 2005 in Milan; it was renamed Wizard Gallery in 2020. Representing a world roster of artists, the gallery has participated in gala’s similar to Artissima in Turin, Expo Chicago, Zona Maco in Mexico Metropolis, and Untitled in Miami and San Francisco.
“Venezuela was by no means an ideal nation, but it surely was deeply social. Individuals from completely different backgrounds and tradition had been a part of on a regular basis life,” stated Luger in an e-mail. Hugo Chávez fostered resentment towards foreigners and people with completely different concepts, which normalized hostility and contributed to rising crime and worry. Chávez got here from the army and led with an authoritarian mindset. But beneath his successor, Nicolás Maduro, the scenario worsened. Establishments collapsed, violence grew to become systemic, democracy was hollowed out, and justice disappeared. These are darkish years in our historical past.
“My household had lived in Venezuela for over fifty years and constructed a building enterprise there, however we had been pressured to go away. Corruption grew to become overwhelming. Arbitrary detentions, kidnappings, and torture grew to become a part of day by day life. This isn’t a political opinion—it’s a actuality witnessed by numerous Venezuelans and documented by worldwide observers.
“In 2024 we went to an election and Venezuelans voted Maduro out. Many governments—together with america and European actors—refused to acknowledge his victory on account of lack of transparency and electoral equity. Maduro’s refusal to respect the need of voters meant he stayed in energy as an authoritarian determine slightly than as a democratically elected chief.
“As Venezuelans, it’s tough to totally clarify what this second feels prefer to those that are usually not from the nation. There’s a complicated mixture of feelings that may coexist. On one hand, there’s reduction—and even cautious hope—at seeing an authoritarian determine who usurped energy and did a lot harm out. On the identical time, there’s concern about what comes subsequent, notably when change entails the intervention of overseas actors. These conflicting feelings are usually not contradictory; they’re each legitimate, they usually mirror the deep trauma and uncertainty Venezuelans carry after a long time of political and cultural devastation.
“The cultural harm has been immense. Venezuela as soon as had severe collectors and a vibrant artwork ecosystem. Artists like Jesús Rafael Soto and Carlos Cruz-Diez had been revered worldwide. Over time, collectors and creatives had been pressured into exile, and Venezuela’s inventive voice pale from the worldwide stage. Impartial cultural establishments disappeared and artwork magazines vanished.
“For greater than twenty years, Venezuelan artists lacked freedom, platforms, and communication. The world can simply identify American or European artists, however Venezuelan names have change into practically invisible.
“What has occurred in Venezuela is profoundly merciless and tough to know from the surface. A society’s skill to dream, to create, and to be seen has been systematically eroded. Restoration of cultural life would require justice and the house for Venezuelans to reclaim their inventive spirit.”
Adriana Cifuentes is an artist residing in Caracas, who despatched a press release which is quoted beneath in full.
“A deafening roar; deep, dry, and profound, wakes me with a begin. I look in the direction of the terrace of my room, which has a glass door that I at all times go away open, and on both facet, a big window with a view of the hills of the White Rabbit Valley, the place Fort Tiuna, a army zone and the residence of the president of the republic, is situated.
“I see the sky flip right into a tongue of crimson and scarlet hearth, protecting all the things. I discover that the home windows start to shake, and I’ve the impression that they will break; however they maintain. The mattress begins to maneuver and roll ahead, slightly, however forcefully; that is accompanied by quite a few small white spheres of sunshine, like flares, whose reflections transfer restlessly throughout the sky and the partitions of my room, however I hear the noises and the racket they make once they hit the bottom.
“I believe the primary one was a bomb, however then missiles or drones, or each, in fact, given my ignorance. However all of that appeared to me an exquisite, complicated, and terrifying imaginative and prescient. I start to listen to every kind of sounds that come collectively, turning into sharp and extra steady, filling the sky with beeps, whistles, explosions, and detonations. Lights like lightning bolts, taking their place within the sky at nice velocity. Instantly, I understand that it’s lastly taking place; it was the assault by the unpredictable Trump, so longed for, so awaited, so desired.
“I start to snort uncontrollably, and I can’t comprise my happiness. I rapidly get away from bed and exit onto the terrace to get a greater view of all the things that’s taking place simply 500 meters from me. With a sense of worry and happiness that blended and alternated successively inside me, I start to shout, ‘We’re free! We’re free!’
“Instantly afterward, helicopters cross overhead. A lot of them. With black and distinct silhouettes, with blades slicing by way of the heavy air, like huge birds of prey, each looking for its prey, I really feel all that immense energy of fireside and destruction that they bring about, and it terrifies me; I shudder, and a state of divine justice, of vengeance and the hand of God, overwhelms me.
“Bursts of machine gun hearth start to sound, and all these jumbled noises, the crimson sky, filled with black smoke, lights and hearth, all on the identical time. It jogged my memory of Dante’s Inferno, of the film Apocalypse Now, harmful, hallucinatory and unreal.
“At that second, the bursts of shrapnel convey me again right down to earth. All of a sudden I understand that it’s people who find themselves receiving these photographs, there’s preventing, hand-to-hand fight, it’s now not impersonal struggle equipment, it’s bursts of fast gunfire. They’re killing one another; they’re dying, in a matter of minutes, I don’t know what number of. The bombs destroy issues, these issues that they like a lot; however the bursts of gunfire remind me of residing human beings; one bullet for every man; every man with a bullet. Wounded individuals, dying individuals, it disturbs me. It’s an excessive amount of, I believed. There are too many useless, I don’t prefer it, it scares me, and I’m going into the home, and what amazes me most is my happiness and the way little I care that every one these Chavistas are dying. Anyway, I’m not the one killing, nor am I the one committing any wrongdoing. However I’m the one who needs them unwell.
“I’m an abnormal particular person, a visible artist and a psychology skilled, who has fought arduous for my nation, with my coronary heart, with my phrases, and the ache of the battle has reached my physique. I’ve watched as they sank us right into a sea of excrement, little by little, for years. These satraps, evil-minded people, hungry for energy, as compensation for their very own shortcomings. Liars and cheats by nature; They flooded each side of Venezuelan life with vulgarity, baseness, mediocrity, the hatred they felt, the envy that gnawed at them, the greed they flaunted, they usually referred to as it ideology. Filled with unwell intentions, and lots of others ignorant, pushed by vengeful votes, contaminated by their complexes and emotions of inferiority.
“At first silly, ignorant, inexperienced, however desirous to find out about energy and management. Additionally in regards to the refinements of evil, to degrade wills. From the non secular to the fabric, from the within out, making use of finely tuned devices, with the recommendation of different international locations that had been additionally fairly disturbed, international locations from different latitudes and different hemispheres, whose affect was already tried and examined, pushed by the stench of cash, whose intention was to take it from these brutes. However these brutes, on the identical time not so silly, and crafty as avenue rats, additionally supposed to make use of them, completely understanding the ability that cash offers, which intoxicates everybody with greed, they usually used it as a type of change, to purchase all the things that was on the market.
“Their wickedness regularly grew, turning into extra refined and complex, they discovered beneath the gaze of the world, which didn’t care about them, whereas they grew to become specialists in crude and indiscriminate brutality. They submerged the numerous into poverty, and in its superlative kind, distress. We had been the wretched of Victor Hugo, to the purpose of preventing with canines over rubbish. I noticed it.
“Hopelessness in regards to the future, remodeled into escape and flight. Resignation to dying with no combat, on account of lack of drugs and healthcare companies, and virtually most significantly; they exerted management by way of exemplary worry, torture, kidnappings, and imprisonment, culminating in paralyzing terror; which petrifies you, particularly the flexibility to suppose. That’s the place dignity is misplaced, and also you’ll do something.
“They corrupted each man, each soul, each spirit; some had been stripped of the readability of excellent and evil, others had been contaminated with servility, stained with insatiable wishes for cash that solely convey vacancy.
“A catalog of infinite evil that entailed a descent into Hades as a journey of the human soul, to the bottom and most abject depths, and filled with risks, for “some” of us, who tried to be taught one thing, to engrave it in our reminiscence and never carry it as a weight in our hearts.
“Of their minds, there was by no means any room for others, or the frequent good. They had been there to extract, suck, drain, and diminish all the things, and all the things means all the things, with greed and desperation.
“I do know this course of will not be over. For about six months, when the primary ships from america started to reach, the planes and plane carriers, we had been really hopeful. Would there actually be a change finally? Would it not actually be potential? Simply the chance sends shivers down my backbone and fills my eyes with tears.
“We’ve got protested all through these twenty-six years, now we have left a lot of our hopes and ambitions on the asphalt of the streets, together with bodily exhaustion and psychological bewilderment. Large marches the place pleasure generally reigned, fueled by the hope that “This authorities will fall,” singing and waving flags vigorously, dancing to the deep rhythm of drums from the Black coast, with musicians who, with the beat of their palms, made their drums and taut skins resound, the highly effective and darkish rhythms of the ocean, and every kind of our bodies moved, scary and escaping and wanting and rejecting, and the ladies had been free and the boys too. Solely sensuality, touches, rum, and rumba. As a backdrop, the flag waving, as a supply of energy, as a magic talisman and the promise of freedom.
“Unhappy and hopeless protests with heavy and sluggish steps, like processions or funerals, the place nobody spoke, as a result of there was nothing to say, and also you solely carried the load of years of your life, which vanished, wasted by the dearth of alternative.
“Different monumental marches, at evening and with candles, inciting the shadows to precise themselves and affect us, creating transcendent realities, and thanks, upon our wishes.
“We chanted slogans like prayers, like mysterious and sacred chants; as a result of one million individuals singing and chanting, on the slender streets of Chacao, defied worry itself and the very perception that a very powerful factor was your personal life. That was a shiver and light-weight, it was a radiance that lastly allowed you to breathe; it was a direct connection to the reality, whose echoes resounded within the partitions of the small buildings, which, being so accommodating, remodeled into true cathedrals; returning these echoes to us as expansive waves, imbued with holiness, that exploded over us like astonishing ecstasy, each Christian and pagan.
“It was a communion of the human with the divine, and what grew was a brotherhood.”
